the congressional research service and the government accountability office are examples of

Links from the status of a bill to National Journal markups. GAO provides fact-based, nonpartisan information to Congress. Confidential Memoranda: Confidential memoranda are prepared to meet a specific congressional request and are often designed for a congressional reader with a high level of expertise in a given topic. CRS also identifies national and international experts with whom Members and staff may consult about whatever issues concern them and sponsors programs at which Members meet with experts to discuss issues of broad interest to Congress. The Review, which was published ten times a year and available to the public by subscription, offered original analytical articles, summaries highlighting CRS research products, and other kinds of assistance to the congressional community.

Often called the "congressional watchdog," GAO examines how taxpayer dollars are spent and provides Congress and federal agencies with objective, reliable information to help the government save money and work more efficiently.

conference committees. About 100 Public Affairs Bulletins were generated [22] before congressional appropriators ended their production in 1951. You may have heard of us, but do you know what we do? [1], Despite numerous attempts to override a policy of "[limiting] dissemination to Members of Congress" from 1952 until 2018, "publication" was restricted; now "CRS makes non-confidential reports available on its website. As a legislative branch agency within the Library of Congress, CRS works primarily and directly for Members of Congress, their Committees and staff on a confidential, nonpartisan basis. These reports clearly define issues in legislative contexts. Finally, I have the results of an analysis of state legislative research organizations that do work similar to CRS and post these products on the Internet. B) centralized power into the hands of party leaders.

[4] conference committees. "These reports inform members of Congress and their staffs on a wide range of issues. They were promoted by Archibald MacLeish, the Librarian of Congress, and, among other topics, addressed timely policy issues, such as American national defense. About 100 Public Affairs Bulletins were generated[9] before congressional appropriators ended their production in 1951. Although CRS does not draft bills, resolutions, and amendments, its analysts may join staff consulting with the professional draftsman within each chamber’s Office of the Legislative Counsel as they translate the Member’s policy decisions into formal legislative language. Previously they were confidential. They were subsequently removed. B) establishment of standing committees. [36], Neither of these websites is available to the public. 321(a), October 26, 1970, 84 Stat. This assistance may be a summary and explanation of the scientific evidence on a technically complex matter, for example, or it may be a collection of newspaper and journal articles discussing an issue from different perspectives, or a comparative analysis of several explanations that have been offered to account for a generally recognized problem. E) a vote by members of the House in order to determine who the Speaker of the House will be. pourquoi les mineurs isolés viennent uniquement du maroc? [35] In this speech, he also noted: I would like to point out that the Rules Committee has approved a decentralized system, where Senators can release CRS products on their private web pages. 2 Answers. Congress had historically reserved to itself control over the dissemination of CRS products to the public on the principle that CRS, as an extension of congressional staff, works exclusively for the Congress: "dissemination is limited to Members of Congress. Links to Capitol Hill and outside sources of floor and committee schedule information, selected to be of most use to congressional staff. Un Re-Confinement à Noël aurait quel impact sur la Société Française ? ", Internet Archive collection of sites that publish CRS reports, Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations, Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States, First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln, Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Congressional_Research_Service&oldid=980548766, Articles with dead external links from August 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2010, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Congressional Research Service, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Available to the public. select committees. A) committee agencies. 812, 836, Government Information Quarterly Volume 26, Issue 3, July 2009, Pages 437–440. [39], Other than a passing generic reference to "reports" in its statutory charter, CRS has no mandate for these products. "[37] The LIS varies substantially from the system which is available to the public at the Library of Congress' THOMAS website (thomas.loc.gov). 91-510, title III, sec. CRS makes no legislative or other policy recommendations to Congress; its responsibility is to ensure that Members of the House and Senate have available the best possible information and analysis on which to base the policy decisions the American people have elected them to make. ", "A Confidential Arm of Congress Gets More Secretive", "Group Seeks Public Access to Congressional Research", "Congressional Policy Concerning the Distribution of CRS Written Products to the Public", Annual Report of the Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress for Fiscal Year 2011, "Memo RE: "Access to CRS Reports" To: All CRS STaff", "Congressional Research Service Products: Taxpayers Should Have Easy Access", Congressional Research Service, 4 December 1997. 54. (or possibly 38 STAT 962, 1005). 203, August 2, 1946, 60 Stat.

While not classified, they were exempt from FOIA due to Congressional privilege and therefore not readily accessible nor was their authenticity easily verifiable.

Legislative Summaries, Digests, and Compilations: Since 1935, the Legislative Analysis and Information Section (formerly the "Bill Digest" section) of CRS has had the statutory responsibility for preparation of authoritative, objective, nonpartisan summaries of introduced public bills and resolutions and the maintenance of historical legislative information. This player is provided by Google/YouTube, which may set a persistent cookie on your computer or device upon its use.